From Wiki http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Khmer_Rouge&oldid=464297314"></a>
'The Khmer Rouge (Khmer: ខ្មែរក្រហម – "Khmer Krahom" in Khmer) literally translated as Red Cambodians was the name given to the followers of the Communist Party of Kampuchea, who were the ruling party in Cambodia from 1975 to 1979, led by Pol Pot, Nuon Chea, Ieng Sary, Son Sen and Khieu Samphan. Democratic Kampuchea was the name of the state as controlled by the government of the Khmer Rouge from 1975 to 1979.
Khmer Rouge means Communist Cambodians. 'Rouge' comes from the French word for red, which is a symbol of communism. Khmer means people from the Cambodian region. This was another name for the Communist Party of Kampuchea that was given by the former King Sihanouk. The organization began in January 1968 as the Revolutionary Army of Kampuchea and was changed thirteen years later to Party of Democratic Kampuchea. [1]
This organization is remembered primarily for its policy of social engineering, which resulted in genocide.[2] Its attempts at agricultural reform led to widespread famine, while its insistence on absolute self-sufficiency, even in the supply of medicine, led to the deaths of thousands from treatable diseases (such as malaria). Arbitrary executions and torture carried out by its cadres against perceived subversive elements, or during purges of its own ranks between 1975 and 1978, are considered to have constituted a genocide.[3]
The Democratic Kampuchea was established in 1975 and created their top level of command and named it Angkar, which literally translates to "high organization".[4] By 1979, the Khmer Rouge had fled the country, while the People's Republic of the Kampuchea was being established. This meant that life started going back to the way it was post Khmer Rouge. The governments-in-exile (including the Khmer) still had a seat in the UN at this point but it was later taken away, in 1993, as the monarchy was restored and the country underwent a name change to the Kingdom of Cambodia. A year later many of the remaining Khmer Rouge guerrillas surrendered themselves. Then in 1996, a new political party was formed by Ieng Sary, who was granted amnesty for all of his roles as the deputy leader of the Khmer Rouge. The main leader, Pol Pot, had a trial the following year that ended with a sentence of life imprisonment. Pol Pot never paid the full price for his actions as he died in the jungle in 1998. [5]'
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